Giải đề IELTS Reading: Video Games and Violence [Full answers]

Khi ôn tập IELTS Reading, việc luyện kĩ năng giải đề qua các đề thi thật là một cách hiệu quả giúp bạn tăng band điểm nhanh. Bài viết này sẽ giúp bạn giải trọn vẹn đề thi thật IELTS Reading “Video Games and Violence” với đầy đủ đề bài, câu hỏi, đáp án chi tiết kèm giải thích rõ ràng. Đây sẽ là tài liệu hữu ích để bạn ôn luyện và nâng cao kỹ năng Reading, sẵn sàng chinh phục band điểm mục tiêu trong kỳ thi IELTS.

1. Đề thi thật IELTS Reading “Video Games and Violence”

Reading Passage 3

Video Games and Violence

For quite some time now, video games that involve significant amounts of violence have been blamed for growing numbers of violence by young people, the demographic most likely to play these games. Debate about this has even reached the courts, with both sides of the argument claiming that the scientific literature supports their opinions. Some experts involved have proclaimed that the debate is scientifically settled and that only people holding personal concerns and biases oppose these established truths. Scientifically, two competing social theories have been formulated about the potential effects of video game violence. The first is that video games increase violence because they teach players how to be violent and reinforce violent tendencies. The second theory is that video games have a possibly beneficial effect, because they provide a socially acceptable outlet for the release of aggression and thereby promote better mental health.

Articles reviewing the effects of video games on general populations have found links between playing violent video games and changes in behaviour, and/or thought process, with some finding that people who played realistic violent games for 45 minutes had a greater increase in violent and aggressive feelings than persons who played unrealistic violent video games or non-violent video games for the same period. What seems clear though is that certain populations are more at risk and/or are more likely to play violent video games than others. Studies suggest that at-risk individuals are usually male, have pre-existing personality disorders or traits, for example a conduct disorder, have pre-existing mental health conditions, have had difficult or traumatic upbringings, and are insecure with poor self-esteem. Children with attention deficit disorder were also seen to be at a higher risk of showing addictive behaviour to violent video games and that violent video games might be a significant risk variable for aggressive behaviour in persons who already have aggressive personality traits. There are, of course, plenty of other groups of people (probably the majority of users) who play and enjoy video games, with or without violence, that have no character disorders at all. Another recent key report which relied on parents’ self-report of their children’s video gameplaying behaviours suggests that spending a large amount of time playing violent video games was correlated with troublesome behaviour and poor academic achievement. The same study also indicated that children who played more educational games had more positive outcomes.

What is interesting is that the comic book debate of the 1950’s is eerily similar when compared to the current debate about the effects of video games on children. In 1954, the US Senate Subcommittee on Juvenile Delinquency held hearings on the effects of comic books on America’s youth. The primary focus of the Senate hearings was ‘crime and horror’ comic books, some of which graphically showed horrific images, such as dismembered bodies. Concerns were voiced that these comics would lead to a decline in public morals, an increase in violence and aggression, an increase in general lawlessness, and societal disrespect and deterioration. Medical and social science experts became involved in the debate, writing articles in reputable journals. Many of the concerns that dominate the current video game debate were also expressed and it could show the frequently experienced perception that violent behaviour is always more prevalent in the present than in the past and that people just search for a scapegoat on which to blame it.

Although many articles have suggested a connection between violent video games and aggression, several studies have found no such relationship. One study in fact showed that non-gamers and excessive gamers both had lower self-reported mental wellness scores than low to moderate gamers. This finding suggests that excessive playing may be detrimental, but that there are some protective and non-harmful consequences to playing in moderation. This finding is in line with social theory, which suggests that video games, like sports, may provide an outlet for individuals to work through aggression and, therefore, have better mental functioning and overall lower levels of aggression. The same study pointed to the positive attributes of violent video game playing, such as improved visual-spatial coordination, increased peripheral attention, and increased decision-making capabilities. People who play a lot of video games also generally have better overall computer skills than people who do not.

Another study examining the multivariate risk issues for youth violence showed that the most common positive predictors of youth violence were delinquent peer influences, antisocial personality traits, depression, and parents or guardians who use psychological abuse in family relationships. The factors that were not found to be predictive of youth violence included neighbourhood quality, parental use of domestic physical violence in intimate relationships, and exposure to violent television or video games.

A recent neurological study provided further evidence that video games do not increase violent behaviour by users. The study examined whether there was a change in brain imaging that suggested a loss of distinction between virtual and actual violence in players of violent video games compared with controls. What was found was that the ability to differentiate automatically between real and virtual violence was not diminished by a long-term history of violent video game play, and nor were gamers’ neural responses to real violence subject to desensitisation processes. This would indicate that video games do not cause people to lose their grip on what is real in comparison with what is fantasy.

Many questions are raised by the split nature of the scientific literature regarding violence and video games and it should also be remembered that a correlation does not prove a causation. Stakeholders need to examine the current video game debate in order to decide how to sensibly influence social policy.

Questions 27-33

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text?

In boxes 27-33 on your answer sheet write:

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

27. Violent video games are most likely to be played by people in their youth and middle age.

28. It has been claimed that people who still feel the effects of violent video games are not decided and clear have vested interests in the debate.

29. It is claimed that men and women are more or less equally threatened by the effects of violent video games.

30. One study has found a link between usage of violent video games and poor school performance.

31. Various violent video games are based on stories previously published in comic books.

32. Some of the comic books of the 1950’s had shocking images of mutilated people.

33. It has been claimed that violence has always been present in society and video games are just the latest thing to blame it on.

Questions 34-39

Complete the table below.

Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the text for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 34-39 on your answer sheet.

Studies Defending the Use of Violent Video Games

Video Games and Violence

on-gamers and excessive gamers had similar grading in terms of 34…………………

Study 1

It shows excessive gaming can have protective effects.
Similar ideas in social theory – users can rid themselves of 35………………… and therefore have a better mental condition.
Gaming can improve visual-spatial coordination, peripheral attention, 36………………… and computer skills.

Study 2

It examined the various risk factors for youth violence – peers, personality, depression and psychological abuse.
Non-factors were 37…………………, violence at home and violent TV and video games.

Study 3

A neurological study examining variations in 38………………… when users interacted with virtual or real violence.
Results showed that users’ differentiation between virtual or real violence was not affected by the use of violent video games.
The 39………………… with regards to real violence in users’ neural reactions were also not affected.
It shows video games do not affect people’s perceptions of what is real or what is fantasy.

Question 40

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.

Write the correct letter in box 40 on your answer sheet.

40 What is the writer’s purpose in Reading Passage 3?

A To defend the use of violent video game usage.

B To discourage people from using violent video games.

C To examine examples of violence by users of violent video games.

D To review what has been discovered about the effects of violent video games.

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2. Đáp án đề IELTS Reading “Video Games and Violence”

Dưới đây là bảng đáp án để đối chiếu

27. FALSE	34. (mental) wellness scores
28. TRUE	35. aggression
29. FALSE	36. decision-making (capabilities)
30. TRUE	37. neighborhood (quality)
31. NOT GIVEN	38. brain imaging
32. TRUE	39. desensitization (processes)
33. TRUE	40. D

Đáp án chi tiết đề IELTS Reading “Video Games and Violence”

Đáp án chi tiết 27 - 33

Violent video games are most likely to be played by people in their youth and middle age.

“…video games that involve significant amounts of violence have been blamed for growing numbers of violence by young people, the demographic most likely to play these games.”

→ Đoạn này chỉ nói “young people” (người trẻ) là nhóm chơi nhiều nhất, không có “middle age”.

Đáp án: FALSE

It has been claimed that people who still feel the effects of violent video games are not decided and clear have vested interests in the debate.

“…some experts involved have proclaimed that the debate is scientifically settled and that only people holding personal concerns and biases oppose these established truths.”

→ Nghĩa là chỉ những người có định kiến, lợi ích cá nhân mới phản đối.

Đáp án: TRUE

It is claimed that men and women are more or less equally threatened by the effects of violent video games.

“Studies suggest that at-risk individuals are usually male, have pre-existing personality disorders or traits…”

→ Nhóm dễ bị ảnh hưởng nhất thường là nam, không hề nói nam và nữ ngang nhau.

Đáp án: FALSE

One study has found a link between usage of violent video games and poor school performance.

“…spending a large amount of time playing violent video games was correlated with troublesome behaviour and poor academic achievement.”

→ Chơi game bạo lực nhiều có liên hệ với hành vi rắc rối và học kém.

Đáp án: TRUE

Various violent video games are based on stories previously published in comic books.

“In 1954, the US Senate Subcommittee on Juvenile Delinquency held hearings on the effects of comic books on America’s youth.”

→ Bài chỉ so sánh tranh luận comic book và video games, không nói game dựa vào comic.

Đáp án: NOT GIVEN

Some of the comic books of the 1950’s had shocking images of mutilated people.

“…‘crime and horror’ comic books, some of which graphically showed horrific images, such as dismembered bodies.”

→ Comic book có hình xác bị chặt ra.

Đáp án: TRUE

It has been claimed that violence has always been present in society and video games are just the latest thing to blame it on.

“…violent behaviour is always more prevalent in the present than in the past and that people just search for a scapegoat on which to blame it.”

→ Bạo lực luôn có, và video games chỉ là vật tế thần mới để đổ lỗi.

Đáp án: TRUE

Đáp án chi tiết 34 - 39

Non-gamers and excessive gamers had similar grading in terms of …

“One study in fact showed that non-gamers and excessive gamers both had lower self-reported mental wellness scores than low to moderate gamers.”

Đáp án: (mental) wellness scores

Similar ideas in social theory – users can rid themselves of …

“…video games, like sports, may provide an outlet for individuals to work through aggression and, therefore, have better mental functioning…”

Đáp án: aggression

Gaming can improve visual-spatial coordination, peripheral attention, …

“…positive attributes of violent video game playing, such as improved visual-spatial coordination, increased peripheral attention, and increased decision-making capabilities.”

Đáp án: decision-making (capabilities

Non-factors were …

“The factors that were not found to be predictive of youth violence included neighbourhood quality, parental use of domestic physical violence in intimate relationships, and exposure to violent television or video games.”

Đáp án: neighbourhood (quality)

A neurological study examining variations in …

“The study examined whether there was a change in brain imaging that suggested a loss of distinction between virtual and actual violence…”

Đáp án: brain imaging

The … with regards to real violence in users’ neural reactions were also not affected.

“…nor were gamers’ neural responses to real violence subject to desensitisation processes.”

Đáp án: desensitisation (processes)

Đáp án chi tiết 40

What is the writer’s purpose in Reading Passage 3?

“Many questions are raised by the split nature of the scientific literature regarding violence and video games and it should also be remembered that a correlation does not prove a causation. Stakeholders need to examine the current video game debate in order to decide how to sensibly influence social policy.”

→ Bài viết tổng hợp và xem xét các nghiên cứu về ảnh hưởng của video games, không khuyên ủng hộ hay phản đối.

Đáp án: D (To review what has been discovered about the effects of violent video games)

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3. Từ vựng quan trọng trong bài IELTS Reading “Video Games and Violence”

Khi chuẩn bị cho kỳ thi IELTS Reading, việc phát triển vốn từ vựng theo kế hoạch học tập rõ ràng chính là chìa khóa để nâng cao band điểm. Một trong những cách hiệu quả nhất là giải đề IELTS Reading thường xuyên, kết hợp với luyện tập từ vựng trong các bài đọc học thuật. Dưới đây là tổng hợp từ vựng quan trong trong bài đọc “Video Games and Violence” giúp bạn tăng tốc độ đọc hiểu, cải thiện kỹ năng phân tích và từng bước nâng cao kết quả khi làm bài thi thật.

Từ vựng	Nghĩa tiếng Việt	Ví dụ trong bài
demographic	nhóm dân số	“young people, the demographic most likely to play these games”
proclaim	tuyên bố công khai	“Some experts involved have proclaimed that the debate is scientifically settled…”
bias	thành kiến, định kiến	“…only people holding personal concerns and biases oppose these established truths.”
formulate	hình thành, xây dựng	“…two competing social theories have been formulated…”
reinforce	củng cố, tăng cường	“…they teach players how to be violent and reinforce violent tendencies.”
socially acceptable	được xã hội chấp nhận	“…they provide a socially acceptable outlet for the release of aggression…”
aggression	sự hung hăng, hiếu chiến	“…provide a socially acceptable outlet for the release of aggression…”
behaviour	hành vi	“…found links between playing violent video games and changes in behaviour…”
thought process	quá trình suy nghĩ	“…changes in behaviour, and/or thought process…”
traumatic upbringing	tuổi thơ đầy sang chấn	“…have had difficult or traumatic upbringings…”
self-esteem	lòng tự trọng	“…and are insecure with poor self-esteem.”
addictive behaviour	hành vi nghiện ngập	“…higher risk of showing addictive behaviour to violent video games.”
correlated with	có mối liên hệ với	“…was correlated with troublesome behaviour and poor academic achievement.”
academic achievement	thành tích học tập	“…correlated with troublesome behaviour and poor academic achievement.”
eerily similar	giống một cách kỳ lạ	“the comic book debate of the 1950’s is eerily similar…”
delinquency	hành vi phạm pháp, phạm tội (thường ở tuổi vị thành niên)	“US Senate Subcommittee on Juvenile Delinquency…”
horrific	kinh hoàng	“…comic books… graphically showed horrific images…”
dismembered bodies	xác người bị chặt rời	“…such as dismembered bodies.”
scapegoat	vật tế thần (bị đổ lỗi)	“…people just search for a scapegoat on which to blame it.”
detrimental	có hại	“…excessive playing may be detrimental…”
moderation	mức độ vừa phải, điều độ	“…some protective… consequences to playing in moderation.”
visual-spatial coordination	khả năng phối hợp thị giác – không gian	“…improved visual-spatial coordination…”
peripheral attention	sự chú ý ngoại vi	“…increased peripheral attention…”
decision-making capabilities	khả năng ra quyết định	“…increased decision-making capabilities.”
antisocial personality traits	đặc điểm tính cách chống đối xã hội	“…positive predictors of youth violence were… antisocial personality traits…”
predictive	có tính dự báo	“The factors that were not found to be predictive of youth violence…”
brain imaging	hình ảnh não	“…examined whether there was a change in brain imaging…”
desensitisation processes	quá trình chai lì cảm xúc	“…gamers’ neural responses to real violence subject to desensitisation processes.”
causation	quan hệ nhân quả	“…a correlation does not prove a causation.”
stakeholders	các bên liên quan	“Stakeholders need to examine the current video game debate…”
sensibly	một cách hợp lý	“…decide how to sensibly influence social policy.”

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